Outdoor learning is an incredibly powerful approach for helping children understand mathematical concepts in real, meaningful ways. When combined with the Forest School ethos—child-led exploration, hands-on discovery, and nature-based challenges—maths becomes exciting, relevant, and accessible for every child.
In this blog, we explore outdoor maths ideas for Forest School, perfect for Early Years and KS1 practitioners. Whether you have access to a woodland, school field, or small outdoor space, these activities make maths active, playful and rooted in the natural world.
For outdoor maths lesson plans and resources, explore:
👉 https://themuddypuddleteacher.co.uk/outdoor-learning-resources/
For training on outdoor learning & Forest School-style approaches:
👉 https://themuddypuddleteacher.co.uk/outdoor-learning-training/
🌿 Why Outdoor Maths Works So Well in Forest School
Forest School naturally supports mathematical thinking because children:
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Handle real objects rather than abstract representations
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Move their bodies, supporting kinaesthetic learning
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Solve problems collaboratively
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Observe patterns and shapes in nature
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Experience maths through meaningful context
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Build confidence, independence, and resilience through outdoor challenges
By taking maths outdoors, children develop a deeper, more intuitive understanding—often without even realising they’re “doing maths.”
🌲 Top Outdoor Maths Ideas for Forest School
1. Stick Measuring & Natural Non-Standard Units
Children can use sticks, pinecones, stones, or leaves as non-standard units to measure:
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Logs
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Tree trunks
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Paths
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Shelters they’ve built
Ask:
How many pinecones tall is this tree stump?
Which stick is the longest? How do we know?
This builds comparison, estimation and early measuring skills.
2. Nature Pattern Making (AB, ABC, AABB)
Nature provides endless materials for patterning.
Try:
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Leaf–stick–leaf patterns
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Pinecone–stone repeating sequences
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Colour-based patterns using autumn or spring materials
Encourage children to extend, copy, and create their own patterns.
3. Shape Hunt in the Forest
The outdoors is full of natural 2D and 3D shapes:
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Circular tree rings
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Triangular stick formations
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Spheres (conkers)
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Cones (pinecones)
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Cylinders (logs)
Challenge children to:
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Build shapes using sticks and clay
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Create “shape shelters”
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Collect objects and sort them into shape categories
4. Forest School Number Lines
Use sticks and stones to create a giant outdoor number line.
Activities:
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Jump to a number
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Count forwards and backwards
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Solve simple addition and subtraction
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Use natural counters to match quantities
This makes abstract number concepts more concrete.
5. Outdoor Counting Challenges
Perfect for Early Years—simple but effective.
Counting prompts:
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Collect 10 leaves of different colours
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Find 5 smooth stones
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Count how many birds you can see in one minute
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Count footsteps between landmarks
Link it to:
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One-to-one correspondence
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Cardinality
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Estimation
6. Forest School Weighing & Comparing
Use natural materials to explore weight and mass.
Activities:
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Compare which stick is heavier
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Use buckets and ropes to create simple balance scales
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Sort objects into light, medium, heavy
Encourage reasoning:
Why do you think this one is heavier?
7. Symmetry in Nature
Nature is full of symmetry.
Explore symmetry through:
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Leaf shapes
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Butterfly images
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Ice crystals (winter)
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Flower petals (spring/summer)
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Creating symmetrical art on the forest floor
Provide mirrors for children to check their symmetrical creations.
8. Capacity & Volume Outdoors
Water, mud, sand and loose parts make perfect capacity resources.
Activities:
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Fill and empty containers using forest materials
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Compare which containers hold more or less
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Create “mud potions” with quantities
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Build rivers or channels using water
Supports early measurement language: full, empty, more, less, half, nearly full.
9. Problem-Solving with Sticks
Give a small group a pile of sticks and challenge them to:
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Build a bridge for a toy animal
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Create the strongest shape
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Build a shelter using a set number of sticks
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Sort sticks by length, thickness, texture
This supports teamwork, challenge and higher-order thinking.
10. Time & Seasonal Observations
Outdoor maths extends into time naturally.
Ideas:
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Measuring shadow lengths throughout the day
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Recording sunrise/sunset times (winter especially)
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Noticing seasonal patterns
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Counting how many seconds it takes ice to melt
These give children a practical sense of time passing.
🌿 Forest School Maths Extensions
⭐ Add Literacy
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Write number stories about woodland creatures
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Create maths story trails
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Use natural resources as props
⭐ Add Art
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Create mandalas using symmetrical maths
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Build geometric sculptures outdoors
⭐ Add Science
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Explore ratios when mixing mud, water or sand
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Investigate capacity while building channels
Outdoor maths is not a stand-alone subject—Forest School makes it part of a wider learning ecosystem.
🧣 Outdoor Safety for Forest School Maths Sessions
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Always assess the ground for slip hazards
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Check for loose branches in wind
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Encourage safe stick handling
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Use gloves in winter if touching cold materials
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Ensure supervision around water play
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Review your Forest School risk assessments seasonally
Safety supports children’s freedom to explore confidently.
📚 Outdoor Maths Resources from Muddy Puddle Teacher®
Make planning fast and simple with ready-made resources:
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Outdoor Maths Activity Packs
👉 https://themuddypuddleteacher.co.uk/?s=maths -
EYFS Outdoor Learning Resources
👉 https://themuddypuddleteacher.co.uk/product-category/eyfs/ -
Outdoor Learning Training
👉 https://themuddypuddleteacher.co.uk/outdoor-learning-training/
These help practitioners deliver high-quality Forest School-inspired maths learning with minimal prep.
🌳 Final Thoughts: Maths Comes Alive in Forest School
Outdoor maths at Forest School transforms abstract concepts into real, meaningful experiences. By measuring sticks, creating patterns from leaves, exploring symmetry in flowers, and solving problems with natural materials, children learn maths naturally—through curiosity, movement, and hands-on exploration.
By embedding maths into Forest School sessions, practitioners nurture confident, capable mathematicians who understand that numbers and patterns live all around them.